Competitive Strategies for Wal-Mart Free Essays

The emergence of Wal-Mart as a big box retailer has changed retail in the United States, according to a 2008 article on Wal-Mart and competition in AllBusiness. com. Big box retailers typically have stores exceeding 50,000 square feet. We will write a custom essay sample on Competitive Strategies for Wal-Mart or any similar topic only for you Order Now This type of store is standard, with large windowless single-story buildings. Several other big box retailers like Toys â€Å"R† Us, Best Buy, Target, Lowe’s and Home Depot have created competition for Wal-Mart. However, Wal-Mart has stood out as the perennial merchandise big box retailer, according to the AllBusiness. om article. Because of its big box status, Wal-Mart has exceeded small retailers in profits. Annual revenues for 2004 were slightly over $288 billion. Revenues in 2006 exceeded $350 billion. Wal-Mart maintains its status as a big box retailer by seeking profits through a high volume of low-price items. Low-Cost Leadership Wal-Mart’s slogan is â€Å"Spend Less. Live Better. † The giant retailer prides itself on providing customers with low-cost items that beat competitors. Wal-Mart reported a 3.6   percent increase in net income from cost cutting, according to an August 2010 Associated Press article. Also read MGMT-QUIZ about types of competitive strategies Customers are cautious about spending because of a slow economy, and Wal-Mart continues to be their low-cost option. Customers choose to shop at Super Wal-Mart centers for groceries, rather than the local grocery store because of discounted items. For example, Wal-Mart offers $1 ketchup bottles and $4 for a case of soda. The Associated Press article stated that Wal-Mart benefited during the recession as affluent shoppers were forced to downgrade to cheaper options. How to cite Competitive Strategies for Wal-Mart, Essay examples

Cultural Competency Vulnerability and Social Justice in India

Question: Discuss about the Cultural Competency Vulnerability and Social Justice. Answer: Introduction Indias large population size makes it third in the list of HIV spread in the world. HIV in India is at 0.3%, which is smaller compared to other middle-income countries, however due to the high population it makes 2.1 million people. Almost 62,000 people have been seen to have died from AIDS illness. A vulnerable population Among key influenced populaces, sex workers and men who engage in sexual relations with same gender have encountered a current decrease in HIV prevalence. Commonness among individuals who infuse drugs was already steady, however has been ascending in late years. Small children of sex workers are also considered a vulnerable population to transmission of HIV. HIV transmissions amongst transgender are increasing posing high danger of transmission related to the disease(1). In 2016, an expected 2.2% of female sex workers in the country was estimated to be coping with HIV, in spite of the fact that this figure differs between states. For instance, one 2013 investigation referred to HIV commonness among sex laborers in Andhra Pradesh at 9.7% , Manipur at 13.1%, Maharashtra at 17.9% and Karnataka at 5.3%. In spite of the fact that sex work is not entirely unlawful in India. This implies specialists can legitimize police threatening vibe and whorehouse assaults. Disgrace and victimization s ex workers limit their entrance to medicinal services(2). Sex workers are one of the high-hazard bunches focused by India's National AIDS Control Organization (NACO) with shared HIV intercessions (when people from scratch influenced populaces give administrations to their companions or connection them to administrations inside medicinal services settings). In 2015, NACO announced achieving 77.4% of sex laborers with HIV counteractive action exercises of this kind. Social and behavioral factors that contribute to inequality among this population In India, individuals from sexual orientation, position, class, and ethnic character encounter basic segregation that effect their wellbeing and access to medicinal services(3). These are the leading social and behavioral factors that contribute to inequality amongst the population. Social Factors: Ladies confront twofold segregation being individuals from particular rank, ethnic or class-based gathering separated from encountering gendered weaknesses. Ladies have low status when contrasted with men in Indian culture. They have little control on the assets and on essential choices identified with their lives. Maternal mortality is relatively high in the country as compared to other developing countries. Lack of access to basic education, healthcare facilities, job opportunity and access to land enhances female vulnerability in India. Major women in rural areas are not allowed to undertake job roles and are discriminated against. Lack of basic healthcare facilities, lack of opportunities coupled with domestic violence often forces these women to fall into traps of agents, who indulge them in sex work. Behavioral Factor: A noteworthy extent of the lower standings and Dalits are as yet reliant on others for their occupation. Dalits does not allude to a position but rather suggestsa aggregate wh are in a condition of mistreatment, social inability and who are vulnerable and poor. In a station overwhelmed nation like India, Dalits who involves more than one-6th of the Indian populace, remain as a group whose human rights have been seriously damaged. Lack of opportunities and class distinction is prevalent in the country, where various classes are not allowed to perform tasks with higher payouts. This often makes vulnerable classes to take up sex work for earning opportunities. Auxiliary oppression these gatherings happens as physical, mental, enthusiastic and social mishandle which gets authenticity from the social framework and the social structure. Physical isolation of their settlements is regular in the towns compelling them to live in the most unhygienic and inhabitable conditions. Every one of these elements influence their wellbeing status, access to human services, and nature of wellbeing administration got. There are high rates of lack of healthy sustenance announced among the minimized gatherings bringing about mortality, grimness and pallor. Access to use of medicinal services in minimized gatherings is impacted by their financial status inside the general public. Theories/frameworks that are relevant to this topic Theories that leads to inequalities are Conflict theory, functional and feminists theory. Conflict Theory: In the first theory its states that reasons for inequality is competition for scarce resources with groups gaining power to shape public policy(4). This group of people creates social inequality. Functionalists Theory: Functionalist theory states that certain roles in the society must be maintained as Dalits in India. High rewards can often lead to falsification of jobs. Hence higher skills are needed for higher reward systems. Feminists Theory: Liberal feminism theory sates that discriminatory policies forces women to be inferior social class that prevents their full participation in the society. Critiques various approaches of action or inaction towards addressing these inequalities Conflict and functional theory approaches inaction towards addressing these inequalities. Whereas feminists theory approaches inaction towards addressing these inequalities. References Panchanadeswaran S, Johnson SC, Sivaram S, Srikrishnan AK, Latkin C, Bentley ME, Solomon S, Go VF, Celentano D. Intimate partner violence is as important as client violence in increasing street-based female sex workers vulnerability to HIV in India. International Journal of Drug Policy. 2008 Apr 1;19(2):106-12.Chakrapani V, Kershaw T, Shunmugam M, Newman PA, Cornman DH, Dubrow R. Prevalence of and barriers to dual-contraceptive methods use among married men and women living with HIV in India. Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology. 2011;2011.Chhabra R, Springer C, Rapkin B, Merchant Y. Differences among male/female adolescents participating in a School-based Teenage Education Program (STEP) focusing on HIV prevention in India. Ethnicity disease. 2008;18(2 Suppl 2):S2-123.Steward WT, Herek GM, Ramakrishna J, Bharat S, Chandy S, Wrubel J, Ekstrand ML. HIV-related stigma: adapting a theoretical framework for use in India. Social science medicine. 2008 Oct 1;67(8):1225-35

Witchcraft At Salem Essays - Salem Witch Trials, Witchcraft

Witchcraft at Salem In 1692, nineteen villagers were put to death in Salem, Massachusetts. The reason for conviction was the torment of teenaged girls by supernatural means: witchcraft. These teenagers had experienced "pricking" and "pinching" sensations, and some contorted into strange bodily positions, reaching unusual postures of extreme rigidity. The village doctor blamed the abnormal behavior on the supernatural; he delared, "An evil hand is on them."(1) With those words began the greatest witchhunt in America's history. In 1976, Linnda Caporeal from the University of California at Santa Barbara explained the actions of the girls as the effects of an illness resulting from the ingestion of ergot--a fungus with LSD-like properties that resides in rye. Perhaps this is not the true cause of the strange behavior, but to the twentieth century world, it is a justification more believable than that of the village doctor. It is a human tendency to jump to conclusions without knowing all of the facts. In the case described above, the village doctor probably did not feel that he was jumping to conclusions because of the abundance of "witches" in those days. Even today, with the abundance of knowledge about the way things work, some hasten to postulate "God's doings" as the answers to all of our unanswered questions. Are we on this earth because "God put us here"? Was it a chance arrangement of amino acids in a molecular pool which evolved into a human being? Or does the answer lie in some different theory that only time will reveal? Whether it be in the case of medicine, religion, history, or anything requiring judgement, even gossip, one must realize that reality is impossible to pin down. Although we may be sure that two parallel lines could never meet, there may be someone named Lobachevski who is sure that they can. (1) Alice Dickenson, The Salem Witchcraft Delusion (New York: Franklin Watts, Inc., 1974), p. 16.

A Gerund Is a Verb and a Noun in One

A Gerund Is a Verb and a Noun in One A Gerund Is a Verb and a Noun in One A Gerund Is a Verb and a Noun in One By Mark Nichol A gerund is a verb that also functions as a noun. For example, one can say one is engaged in the act of writing, but one can also say that what one is doing is a thing called writing. A gerund can be part of the subject of a sentence (â€Å"Writing takes a lot of effort†) or part of the object (â€Å"I’ve done a lot of writing†). Most writers generally employ gerunds without difficulty, but one aspect of their use can be confusing: the genitive case. In the genitive case, the pronoun associated with the gerund takes a different form than it would when associated with the same word used as a verb. For example, when expressing that you listened to some people talking, you would write, â€Å"I heard them talking.† However, if you are emphasizing talking as a thing rather than an action, you would write, â€Å"I heard their talking.† Or, consider the difference between â€Å"They heard it breaking† (breaking is a verb) and â€Å"They heard its breaking† (breaking is a gerund). Writers should also make a distinction with possessive forms of nouns: â€Å"The girl shouting awakened her parents† uses shouting as a verb (girl is the subject); in â€Å"The girl’s shouting awakened her parents,† however, shouting is a gerund (and shouting, not girl, is the subject). In many instances, the difference in connotation is insignificant, but whether one employs a simple verb or uses it as a gerund can change the sense of the sentence. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to Capitalize Animal and Plant Names3 Types of HeadingsDealing With A Character's Internal Thoughts

Healthcare Finance and Accounting Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Healthcare Finance and Accounting - Essay Example Seven categories of operating indicators are profitability, price, length of stay, volume, intensity of service, input cost, and efficiency. Both the financial statement analysis and the operating indicator analysis are significant tools because they allow managers to quantify different aspects of the performance of the company. There are several financial ratios that managers can use to assess the financial performance of a business entity. The current ratio is a liquidity ratio that can be used to determine the ability of a company to pay off its short term debt. The basic premise regarding this ratio is that ratios above 1.0 are good. The current ratio is calculated dividing current assets by current liabilities (Besley & Brigham, 2000). Another important ratio is return on assets. â€Å"Return on assets measures how well assets have been employed by management† (Garrison & Noreen, 2003, p. 784). Return on assets is calculated dividing net income by total sales. A third rat io that management can calculate to evaluate the efficiency of a company is the inventory turnover ratio. The inventory turnover ratio tells management how many times inventory has been sold during a year. A high inventory turnover ratio is the desirable outcome. ... al statement analysis is a very useful tool that can be used by managers to draw conclusions about the financial position of an enterprise, but despite its usefulness it also has limitations. One of the limitations of financial statement analysis is comparability of financial data. â€Å"Differences in accounting methods between companies sometimes make it difficult to compare the companies' financial data† (Accounting4management, 2012). An example of differences in accounting methods is the different depreciation methods such as LIFO, FIFO, and weighted average method. A second limitation of financial statement analysis is that it ignores the qualitative aspects of running a company and it does not show changes in the structure of the company (Independent-stock-investing, 2012). An asset can be defined as anything that has value that can be converted to cash (Millionaireacts, 2011). The assets of a company can be used for production purposes. In the retail world the goods ava ilable for sale are assets that can be resold to turn a profit. Goods at retail stores are categorize as inventory. There are different types of assets that are recognized in the accounting books of a company. The assets recognized in the balance sheet of a corporation are referred to as economic assets. Three categories of assets are non-financial produced assets, non-financial non produced assets, and financial assets (Europa). In the balance sheet two categories of assets are current assets and long term assets. Current assets are assets that can be converted to cash easily such as marketable securities and inventory. An example of a long term assets is machinery and equipment. A current asset can be defined as a balance sheet  account  that represents the value of all assets that

The Effect of Hand Washing with Soap among Early Graders Assignment

The Effect of Hand Washing with Soap among Early Graders - Assignment Example The purpose of this qualitative study is to discover the effect of hand washing with soap among early graders by the use of school based campaign. The purpose of the study is to come out with an action based intervention that will reduce the occurrence of hand to mouth infections among children of school going age. This is a major social health concern that demands urgent professional attention. The reason behind this observation is that once children are plagued with some of these infections, they become so vulnerable that their chances of surviving the fatality become minimized. It is against this background that the proposed purpose of the study has been chosen as a means of campaigning in schools and among students on how they can use the basic practice of washing their hands with soap to reduce events of hand to mouth infections. Once research of these nature are completed, the researchers want to have a feeling of how relevant their works have been on existing practice and on general social change. The proposed research, once successfully completed would be no exception of such significance. The relevance of the proposed research to effecting social changes is numerous. In the first place, the intervention is action based and brings a new paradigm towards the approach commonly used in addressing some of these health issues in society. Indeed, the use of a school based campaign is highly social and can come with the added advantage of ensuring the easy involvement of otherwise reserved and shy participants into the research. What is more, by using a school based campaign as an intervention, there is the tendency that the habit of hand washing with soap that will be eventually cultivated among the students will become a permanent part of their social interactive lifestyle. Once this is achieved, it is going t o be possible that hand to mouth infections are going to be permanently prevented among the students. Finally, the research findings are going to form a part of a universal basis to qualitative study on the research study. This means that all future researches who wish to undertake evidence based research can fall on the findings.

The Myth Of The Clash Of Civilizations

The Myth Of The Clash Of Civilizations It is a lecture by Edward saids, held in the University of Massachusetts, it is about clash of civilization and how people think about it. He is mainly responding back to what Samuel Huntingtons and Bernard Lewis said about the clash of civilization. Edward had his MA in 1960 and a doctorate from Harvard University in 1964. The most important work of him was the Orientalism, which was a part of postcolonial studies. In this video, Said argues that Lewis and Huntingtons had the wrong idea and thoughts about the clash of civilization. In this lecture, Edward is responding back to what Huntington and Lewis said about clash of civilization and he critic their ideas. Huntington believes that in the future, there will be clash between countries; this clash will be mainly a clash of religions. Huntington said that the West should be strong and keep others weak. It is clear here that he wants the West to attack other countries and occupy them by using force against them, which consider colonization. In his argument, he focused on the Islamic religion and he says that it is the main reason of the clash. He said that Islam is anti-Western, and Muslims are using violence against non-Muslim and the government and other Muslim organizations are encouraging violence against them. Moreover, Huntingtons ideas and thoughts were mainly based on what Lewis Bernard said in his book Islam and the West. He compares religion not to a religion but to geographical political countries suggesting that Muslims and Arabs are backward uncivilized people and they are savage without any manner; according to the Western culture. According to what he said, the West will find an excuse to attack and invade other countries, just what the UK did to India and they called it, we want to bring advancement and teach them how to be modernized just like the West, but instant they take over their country and stayed there for two centuries. Taking whatever they want from there and do whatever they want. Edward criticism is more on the fact that Huntington book is for the policy makers in the US, thus is a main danger when the policy maker takes what Huntington said seriously; these people will misunderstand the views of the Muslim world. Lewis and his book Islam and the West shows that the all the problem around the world is because of the Muslims and to solve this problem they have to deal with them. Lewis mentioned that there are billions of Muslims in the West and they want to take over the country and he called it rage on the West (Lewis, 1993). What he meant is that before they take over our country lets invade them first. As we say in Arabic, lunch on him before he dine on you. This excuse is really baseless. He just wants to start a religious war. He also saied that Islam is not modernize and never speared between church and state. Bernard must know one thing that in Islam the State rules are made by the religion rules, which can not be separated from each other. One example of that is when the US had the economic crisis, all the banks got affected and most of them did not have any money, but because Muslim banks used the Islamic rules in the banks they have not been affected like the Western banks. And about modernize, Islam is modernize but they can not see it, because to the West it is not matching the Western standers. As the West see it, you have to be like them to be modernize which is wrong. In his book Islam and the West, He wrote: It should be clear that we are facing a mood and a movement in Islam for transcending, the level of issues and polices and the government that pursue them. This is no less than a clash of civilization. The perhaps irrational, but surely historic receptions, of an ancient rival against our Judeo-Christian heritage, our secular present, and the world-wide expression of both, it is crucially important that we, on our side, should not be provoked into equally historic, but also equally irrational reaction against our arrival. (p.78). It is clear from Lewis statement that he is saying that clash is religion and it is between Islam and Christianity. And Islam is spreading all over the world and they the West must do something to stop it. He thinks the Western religion is more superior than the others and it should not be equalized with other religions. What he is trying to say that in the past Islam used violence to spread all over the world and now after more than 1200 years they are trying to do the same thing with the West. Lewis also said in his book that Islam can not understand other civilization, which is wrong. Muslim people travelled around the world before Marco Polo did. They went to Spain and China. They lived over there and took from their knowledge and become a part of them. Islam can understand any civilization but their always be a limit what to take and what not to take from other civilizations. Saieds belief that there is no part of Islam, which is fundamentally against the West. Over the last decade, we have seen numerous cowardly attacks on Western countries, for example, the Swedish-Iraqi attack in Stockholm and the 9/11 attacks. The US governments do not have any clear evidence that the attacks were done my Muslims. Do not believe the idea that Muslim extremists are driven by a justifiable rage, they are driven by the political issues that they are having from the West. It is never related to the religion. Islam and Western cultures are inherently different, and this is why we have conflict. Moreover, that does not mean Edward is anti-Western. He was very critical about some of the ways Western hegemonic thought has used to describe Arab societies and to design political relations with this part of the world. He is not bias because he was educated by British, on British-Egyptian Christian schools. Furthermore, Said mentioned that, some civilization that has power and technology advancement gave to them self the right to colonize other in the name of Nobel idea, which is to civilize them but in fact, they want something else. Competing imperial power invent their own theory of cultural destiny in order to justify their action aboard. I just want to know who gave them the right to judge on people and the way they live. You can not change something that is related to culture. Examples of these countries, USA, Germany, and UK. Which the real purpose is to have more power, conquest, and unrestraint self pride. The West believes that each raise has a special destiny or job to do. For Example, the Chinese raise is to serve, the black raise must be the labor, because they are strong and they can work hard. Here we can see that the West had the wrong idea about people, they thing that they are the superior raise because they are white and other people are below them so they must serve them. Edward said that for a country to have it truly independent. They must speak their own Language, Which he meant nationalism. You have to be proud of your language and used it to have truly independence. For instance, in India conquers party, only by supporting Indian language the political independence can accrue. Only by supporting their word against the West, they will be able to stand on their feet. Edward said that the Culture and civilization is spread then each other. The core of Islam is to be separated from everything else, and the core of the West is to be separated from all the other. Also that, it is not a clash of civilization, but clash of definition. Defining the culture is hard; each culture defines its enemy. People are fighting over us vs. them, ideas of good and evil, belonging or not belonging. Islam like the West is not a single or uniform thing(Edward,1998). Islam is different in Indonesia, different in Egypt. For example, in Egypt, there is a conflict in the Isl amic movements. In the lecture, Saied has quoted from Aime Cesasre, which he wrote: But the work of man is only just beginning, and it remains to conquer all the violence entrenched in the recesses of our passion and no race possesses the monopoly of beauty, of intelligence, of force. And there is a place for all at rendezvous of victory. (p.48). Cesasre meant that there are no boundaries or block between cultures. Anyone can take whatever he wants form other culture. And there is no standers for civilization or beauty or intelligence. Every people or culture has their own stander, which differs from one culture to another and all of them are right. At the end of the lecture Edward discussed the Palestinian Israelian conflict and how it is a good example of colonization. The Israelian uses the excuse that plastain is the promise land for them, so they keep killing people and force them to leave their houses. It seems this clash between them is related to religion but in fact, they just want a place to live and a country. Edward said that you can not victimize others because you were victim yourself, there has to be limit. It is not a reason to invade other people and take over their country. Additionally, Edward said it was a clash of ignorance. That Huntington had a monolithic view of Islam and he over generalized the situation and did not understand the complexity of the conflicts and the people involved in them. He is touching on the growing influence of those who advocate tensions and clashes, and subsequently benefit from this sort of contaminated atmosphere to prepare the people, particularly of the USA, to engage in war, such as the case now. The media à ¯Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¿has become nothing more than a blowing horn for such a paradigm of tension and hate. The West mainly sees Islam through distorted,à ¯Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¿ Orientalist, lenses. Also, correlation alone is not sufficient to prove that what you said must mean there is a cultural clash. There could be a clash in some areas, but this is created by powerful people to make Islam seem threatening so regions, like Iran, can be dominated for oil. More people should be aware, that it is never about religion. He covers the topic s of how Muslim/Arab people have more to do than to think about the West with hatred, how Huntington is not a student of Arab/Muslim cultures but wants to prolong and depend the conflict. Saidà ¯Ã‚ »Ã‚ ¿ observes how the French used the notion of a civilizing mission to justify brute force against the nations whose land and resources they wanted. This imperialist mission gives rise to wars of national liberation among the colonized. What Huntington and Lewis predicted that in the future there would be a clash between religions and that what happened, but it is not true. People think that nowadays there is a clash between religions. When US invaded Iraq, people thought that it is a Holy War and because they think Muslims are behind the 9/11 attacks. What happened is that US invaded Iraq for a political issues, which was that Saddam had a mass distraction weapons but they did not find anything over there. It was mainly about oil and recourses. US media are showing to people that US are in a religious war in Iraq and they are trying to bring freedom and democracy to Iraqi people. I cannot understand how the 9/11 attacks is related to Iraq. They just wanted an excuse to invade Iraq in the name of freedom. West media showed the stereo type of Muslim and how they are angry all the time, they just misrepresent the Islam. What Edward said is completely true there is no clash between religions, but the US government want s the people to think that what is happening. As I see it, the history is repeating itself. When the British went to Africa, they said we are here for a Nobel cause, but in reality they are here to take over the country. The same scenario is happening in Iraq, but in this case, their excuse is religion, which is completely wrong. To solve this dilemma, the West should solve their political issues with the East and not to connected with the religion. Another Example is the current crises that US facing with North Korea. North Korea has a clash with the West and they are not Muslims. This support my point that the clash is not about religion, it is about politics. I found another articles which discusses the clash of civilizations, In Rami G. Khouri article rescuing Europes failed middle east policy he is saying that the Europes policy is failing in Middle East. So they dont add anything to solve this problem and their policy dont have the power to change anything and solve this issue. Morover, Khouri thinks that they cant change anything because the Europes are following what US and Israel policy. Without saying their own opinion. So they become with Israel in this conflict between East representing by Palestine and West which is representing by Israel in this conflict. His advice for Europe is to stop following US and Israel policy. Because it will lead to a clash between the East and Europe, like the West and the East. Furthermore, he wrote an article Rewinding the reel to root causes and he said that the root for the conflict between East and West is the Israel- Palestinian conflict. If the root of the conflict between East and West is the Israel- Palestinian conflict, what do you think if you see some countries like America or Europe countries, which support Israel? They will feel same as Samuel Huntington idea that the clash between East and West is about religion. All the people who study the history and read about the crusades will know that the conflict between the Israel and Palestine will take him back in time of the crusades period because the two situations are same in a lot of sides. The Israelian are doing the same thing that Crusades had done, which is invading the country and killing people and turn it to a religious war. But in the other hand, Amartya Sen in her article What clash of civilization? Why religious identity isnt destiny? strongly disagree with Samuel Huntington argument, because she think that Huntington make civilization too simple and equalite with religion. Amartya think that human has so many aspects that make him what he is. You should not judge on a book based on its cover. What she meant that there is another reasons of clash which is not related to religion. Kofi Annan mentioned in his article Annan says politics, not religion, at heart of Muslim-West divide. He thinks that there is no relation between politics and religion and he believes that the religion is not the root for any conflict in this world. I agree with him the root of conflict is related to the political issues that the country have against each other. It was never about religion. I agree with him that the Israel- Palestine conflict is the root of the conflict between East and West and this conflict is the main cause of the clash between the two sides. Moreover, Mohsin Hamid and his article why do they hate us he says that Muslims hates West because of the America policy. In this point I might agree with Mohsin Hamid, because Muslims sees that America foreign policy is always unfair with Muslims in different issues and different places all over the world. Muslims dont have any problem with America, if their policies change not with what Muslims want, but with the justice even if it was against the interests of Muslims. Therefore, this is another point that supports my argument that the clash is about politics not religion. Another Article wrote by John L. Esposito, which is Its the policy stupid. Its an interesting article, because John L. Esposito think that the root of the problem started from America policy. Because they did a lot of mistakes in their foreign policy toward the East and when they try to solve their first mistakes, they made new mistakes, which made the situation even worse than before. Another political issue, which is not related to religion. In Fawaz Gerges article which is titled America and political Islam. He believes that there is no clash between civilization and the clash is between benefits. Any Western countries who are against the west will be Terror. I agree with him that it is really a clash of benefits and interests. We see that some countries policy change from day to day. They change their policy because their interest change and they change their allies depending on their interests. For example, Saddam was a friend of the US government, but when the interests changed they just removed him. An article wrote by Edward said which is Imperial Perspectives. He is saying that after World War 2 the US goal is to control the oil supply in the Middle East and make sure that Israel is the dominate power in the Middle East. He said that US claim to educate people and liberate them but in reality they just want to control and rule. The US want to see Arabs and Muslim in the way they like, not with the way Arabs and Muslims are which an imperialist perspective is. He also said that US think Arabs and Muslims are anit-democratic and anti-Semitic. These are enough reasons for US to invade another country in the name of democracy and freedom. All in all, The west uses the clash of civilizations myth as a means of western intervention and expansion, and that western culture is dominant, which presents a Eurocentric dichotomy. What Huntington and Lewis predicted came true but in reality, the US government uses the religion as an excuse to invade other countries. What Edward said it is true that the clash is not about religion. US media want people to think that it is about religion, which will make their job easier. In the past when a powerful country invade another country their excuse was to modernize and educate them, now they are using the democracy and freedom excuse to invade other countries. Different excuses but they have the same goal, which is to colonize.